Genetic inactivation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in mice - phenotypes

- Cytosolic form of SOD (SOD1) : viable, phenotype only observable after injury (axotomy) (Reaume et al., 1996)

- extracellular form of SOD (SOD3) : viable, phenotype only observable after extreme oxidative stress (Carlsson et al., 1995)

- mitochondrial form of SOD (SOD2) : lethal, metabolic acidosis, dilated cardiomyopathy, depressed activity of mitochondrial enzymes, accumulation of lipid, spongiform encephalopathy (Li et al., 1995) (Melov et al., 1998, 1999, 2001)

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